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Bowling Green lies in York County in the north-western portion of South Carolina's Piedmont region. The area's settlement predates the Revolutionary War, with early land grants and trading routes crossing what would become the community. The name "Bowling Green" may derive from the traditional British term for a turf playing field, reflecting either local traditions or the plantation estate owned by early settlers. In the 18th century, the area was crossed by stage roads and served as a farmland and small trade center for stockmen, planters and artisans.

In the 19th century, Bowling Green's economy was centered on agriculture—particularly cotton, grains, and livestock—and home-based craft industries. The community also experienced the tensions of the Civil War era, including local enlistments, resource mobilization and post-war reconstruction. By the late 1800s, small stores, a post office and churches formed the core of the settlement, supporting surrounding rural families and farms. The presence of the nearby plantation economy, and later small rail and road linkages, shaped the community's pattern of life.

With the advent of improved infrastructure in the 20th century, Bowling Green became more accessible. Roads such as U.S. Route 321 crossed the region and improved access to larger markets. Residential growth began as commuting became possible to larger towns like Rock Hill and Charlotte. The local school system evolved and public services—including a modern library, parks, and recreational facilities—enhanced quality of life for residents.

Community character in Bowling Green today reflects a mixture of long-time rural residents and newer families drawn by the area's proximity to expanding suburban employment centers. Despite growth, the town retains a quieter pace and a connection to farmland and local tradition. Churches, volunteer organizations, and community events continue to shape civic life and neighborly interaction.

Today, Bowling Green represents an appealing place to call home for those seeking a balance between accessibility and small-town appeal. With gentle landscapes, easy access to larger cities, and a foundation in tradition, the community offers comfortable living, responsive local services, and a sense of rootedness in South Carolina's Piedmont heritage.