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Calhoun Falls, South Carolina, sits along the Savannah River and emerged as a town shaped by both its riverside geography and industrial development. Originally part of the broader Abbeville County region, this community grew out of estates and plantations that lined the riverbanks, drawing on the river's power and transport possibilities. Millwood Plantation, once a prominent estate in the area, illustrates early land use and the adaptation of riverside land for commerce and agriculture.

In the early 20th century, Calhoun Falls entered a new phase as a cotton-mill town and a crossroads of rail and river transportation. Investors built mills near the town, using the river and later rail connections to move goods and materials. This industrial dimension complemented the agricultural economy of the region, bringing jobs and growth. The town was formally chartered in the first decade of the 1900s, and the presence of the Savannah River and nearby Lake Russell gave Calhoun Falls a strategic and scenic advantage.

Over time, infrastructure improved: state highways such as SC 72 and SC 81 linked Calhoun Falls to regional centers, and the later creation of Lake Russell submerged some earlier land-use patterns while giving new recreational and economic possibilities. The transportation and utilities growth helped the town adapt to changing economic conditions, even as the decline of domestic textile production presented challenges.

Community life in Calhoun Falls has been shaped by its industrial heritage as well as its outdoor and riverside setting. Fishing, boating, and lakeside recreation on Lake Russell are key features of local lifestyle. Churches, civic groups, and public facilities have anchored residents through economic transitions. While some businesses closed or scaled back, the community's resilience remains evident in its ongoing efforts at revitalization, preservation, and leveraging its natural setting for quality of life.

Today, Calhoun Falls offers residents and visitors access to both historic roots and natural beauty. With the lakefront environment, nearby state park, and river vistas, the town attracts those seeking quieter living and outdoor recreation. Housing, rental rates, and demographic trends reflect a small town adjusting to broader economic shifts, yet offering connections to its heritage and environment. Calhoun Falls remains a distinctive corner of Abbeville County where water, industry, and history converge in everyday life.