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Lexington, the county seat of Oglethorpe County, Georgia, traces its history back to the late 18th century. Named after Lexington, Massachusetts, in honor of the Revolutionary War battle, the town was founded shortly after the county's creation in 1793. The land was originally inhabited by Creek and Cherokee peoples, who were gradually displaced as settlers moved in. Lexington quickly grew into a center of commerce and government for the largely rural county, with a courthouse and other civic institutions defining its early landscape.

Agriculture was central to Lexington's economic development. The rich soil of the region was well-suited for cotton, which became the dominant crop throughout the 19th century. Enslaved African Americans provided much of the labor until emancipation, and afterward, sharecropping remained widespread. Cotton continued to dominate into the early 20th century, but diversification into crops like corn and wheat helped stabilize the agricultural base. Lexington also served as a trading hub, supporting small businesses that catered to surrounding farms.

Infrastructure improvements shaped Lexington's growth. Although the town was bypassed by major railroad lines, regional road systems connected it to Athens and other nearby towns. State highways eventually increased accessibility, bringing modest population growth. Modern utilities such as electricity, paved streets, and schools were gradually introduced in the 20th century, helping to modernize the small but historically significant town.

Despite its small size, Lexington has always had a strong sense of community. Local schools, churches, and civic organizations fostered close ties among residents. The preservation of historic buildings, including the Oglethorpe County Courthouse, has reinforced Lexington's identity as a town proud of its heritage. Community events and celebrations reflect both the agricultural traditions and the enduring pride in being the county's seat.

Today, Lexington is a quiet but appealing town that blends historic character with modern conveniences. Its proximity to Athens makes it attractive for those who want small-town living while staying connected to a larger city. Historic homes, scenic countryside, and a welcoming community define Lexington's charm. It continues to serve as the administrative heart of Oglethorpe County, while its residential appeal grows among families seeking a slower pace of life.