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Poulan, Georgia, located in Worth County, traces its roots back to the late 19th century when the expansion of farming communities across southwest Georgia led to the establishment of small settlements. The land had originally been occupied by Creek Indians before settlers moved in during the early 1800s following the formation of Worth County. Poulan emerged as a result of fertile farmland, a warm climate ideal for agriculture, and its position within a growing county of farmers, merchants, and tradesmen.

Cotton was the dominant economic driver in Poulan's early years, much like the rest of Worth County. The introduction of railroads in the region enhanced Poulan's agricultural success, allowing crops to be shipped more efficiently to Albany and beyond. Farmers in Poulan later diversified into peanuts, corn, and pecans, which became staples of the southwest Georgia economy. Timber cutting and sawmilling also contributed to the community's livelihood, especially as the pine forests surrounding Poulan were harvested.

Over the decades, infrastructure steadily improved in Poulan. Initially reliant on wagon paths and dirt roads, the arrival of rail lines and the improvement of highways brought greater connectivity to Sylvester, Albany, and Tifton. These changes helped farmers and merchants in Poulan integrate into broader markets and enabled more goods to flow in and out of the town. The paving of major county roads during the mid-20th century further strengthened these connections, ensuring Poulan remained relevant within the agricultural corridor of Georgia.

Poulan's community character has always been tied to its agricultural heritage. Churches, schools, and civic institutions provided gathering places and reinforced the values of a rural, close-knit society. The town has remained small in size, but its sense of identity is strong. Events and gatherings tied to farming cycles and local traditions have been central to its continuity, ensuring that Poulan remains a distinct community within Worth County.

Today, Poulan is a quiet town that reflects the heritage of southwest Georgia. It is primarily residential and agricultural, attracting those who value small-town living, affordable property, and community ties. With access to larger towns such as Albany and Tifton, residents benefit from nearby amenities while enjoying the slower pace of rural life. Poulan remains a reminder of Georgia's enduring farming culture and its ability to adapt across generations.