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Red Springs developed in the northern portion of Robeson County in an area shaped by natural springs, rolling terrain, and fertile farmland. Prior to European settlement, Indigenous peoples inhabited the region, including ancestors of the Lumbee Tribe, who relied on local waterways and natural resources for sustenance and travel. The presence of iron-rich springs, which gave the town its name, made the area a natural gathering point. Robeson County was formed in 1787, and the land that would become Red Springs was initially settled by farming families during the late 18th and early 19th centuries.

The town's formal development began in the late 19th century with the arrival of railroad service. Red Springs was incorporated in 1887, and the railroad transformed it into a commercial center for northern Robeson County. Agriculture drove the local economy, with tobacco, cotton, and corn serving as primary crops. Farmers used the railroad to ship goods to larger markets, while merchants established warehouses, stores, and processing facilities near the depot. The town's economy diversified modestly with the addition of small manufacturing and service businesses that supported the agricultural community.

Economic growth continued into the early 20th century as Red Springs gained a reputation as a market town and health destination. The mineral-rich springs were once promoted for their supposed health benefits, attracting visitors and contributing to local tourism. Educational institutions also played a role in shaping the town's economy, with schools drawing students from surrounding rural areas. While agriculture remained central, the presence of healthcare providers, educators, and tradespeople added stability and employment diversity.

Infrastructure improvements were essential to Red Springs' long-term viability. Rail service initially connected the town to regional markets, while improved roadways later enhanced accessibility. Roads linking Red Springs to Pembroke, Maxton, and Lumberton facilitated commerce and daily travel. As automobile use increased, highways became the primary transportation corridors, reinforcing Red Springs' role as a regional connector. Utilities such as water, electricity, and telecommunications modernized the town and supported residential expansion throughout the mid-20th century.

Red Springs' community character reflects its cultural diversity and strong institutional presence. The town includes Lumbee, African American, and European American populations, contributing to a rich social fabric. Churches have long served as community anchors, while schools, athletic programs, and civic organizations foster local pride and engagement. Seasonal festivals, parades, and school events have historically brought residents together, reinforcing shared identity and continuity across generations.

In the modern era, Red Springs offers a balanced residential environment that combines small-town atmosphere with regional accessibility. Residents benefit from affordable housing, established neighborhoods, and proximity to employment centers in Lumberton and surrounding communities. Local parks, schools, and community services support family life, while nearby colleges and healthcare facilities enhance quality of life. Red Springs' appeal lies in its historical roots, cultural richness, and practical livability, making it a stable and attractive community within Robeson County.